Research reports

INTERIM BACKTEST REPORT

SPY 5-Minute Options-Positioning Backtest

This report summarizes all complete-session generated data currently available. It is designed to show whether Contessa metrics contain exploitable structure, not to present a finished trading product.

WindowAug 11, 2025 - May 20, 2026
Snapshots13,104
Trading days168
Intervals12,936
Rules tested272
Cost model1 bp one-way

READ FIRST

What The Current Data Actually Says

  • The broad/simple rules weakened as the sample grew; the raw GEX and wall direction rules are not enough by themselves.
  • The strongest exploratory families are reversal-oriented: zero-gamma distance reversion and wall-bias fading in high-strength regimes.
  • Most high-return rules still underperformed SPY during their active windows, so excess return remains the key validation gap.
  • Sharpe ratios are reported for transparency but should be treated as fragile because they are annualized from 5-minute returns and selected after exploration.

TOP EXPLORATORY RULES

Ranked By Net Return After 1 bp Slippage

These are hypothesis-generation results. Notice that several high-return rules still show negative active-window excess return versus SPY, which is why they should not be sold as finished alpha.

RuleTradesNetExcessSharpeMax DDHit rateHoldout net
Zero-gamma reversion, top quartile gap, negative gamma2,555+1,004 bps-141 bps5.16-394 bps51.8%+467 bps
Wall-bias reversal, top quartile strength, amplifying regime2,554+912 bps-153 bps4.78-350 bps51.8%+383 bps
Wall-bias reversal, top 15 percent strength1,941+878 bps-187 bps6.18-257 bps50.7%+354 bps
Hybrid: fade extreme GEX, else zero-gamma reversion3,710+871 bps-293 bps3.61-394 bps50.7%+264 bps
Zero-gamma reversion, top quartile gap3,234+868 bps-371 bps3.90-394 bps50.7%+331 bps
Hybrid: fade extreme wall, else zero-gamma reversion3,305+856 bps-393 bps3.81-394 bps50.1%+331 bps
Wall-bias reversal, top 20 percent strength, amplifying regime2,163+856 bps-120 bps5.28-299 bps51.6%+269 bps
zero reversion direct top 151,941+815 bps-144 bps5.54-315 bps51.3%+249 bps

METHODOLOGY

How The Backtest Was Scored

  • Signals are built from generated Contessa metric JSON files, not from direct price-only indicators.
  • Each strategy acts on one 5-minute interval and compares the position to the next same-day SPY spot move.
  • Days with fewer than 70 generated snapshots are excluded from the report sample to avoid partial-session distortion.
  • One-way slippage of 1 bp is charged on position changes. Slippage sensitivity is shown at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 bps.
  • The chronological holdout uses the final 30 percent of intervals. It is useful, but it is not a replacement for a true future out-of-sample test.

LIMITATIONS

Why These Results Stay Preliminary

  • This is exploratory research, not a production trading model.
  • The strategy search creates data-mining risk; best rules should be treated as hypotheses to validate, not final alpha.
  • High Sharpe ratios can be inflated by intraday annualization, return clustering, and selective active windows.
  • Buy-and-hold comparisons are active-window comparisons, not portfolio-level capital allocation results.
  • The strongest evidence so far is that market-structure states contain measurable reversal behavior, not that a finished strategy is ready to sell.